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What Are General Obligation Bonds?
In the United States, municipal bonds are debt securities issued by state or local governments, called municipalities, to raise money. General obligation bonds and revenue bonds are the two main types of municipal bonds. Revenue bonds are sold to
finance specific government projects.
General obligation bonds are issued to raise money for a variety of needs like bridges, roads, and schools.
Local and state governments usually sell general obligation bonds at set times, called a schedule. These bonds are backed only by the government's ability to repay its debts. The government is called the
bond issuer and the purchaser is called the
bondholder. The purchase price is called the face value or the
par value. General obligation bonds are long-term bonds that have maturity dates longer than one year.
General obligation bonds are sold with a fixed interest rate called the
coupon rate. Regular interest payments are made to the bondholder until the maturity date. At maturity, the issuer pays back the face value to the bondholder. Sometimes the interest and face value are paid back to the investor at maturity in one
lump sum. This type of bond is called a zero
coupon bond.