回复: *柠檬花园*
RR
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*柠檬花园*
- 主题发起人 Duchess
- 发布时间 2011-10-17
回复: *柠檬花园*
“外交部的工作：周一抗议；周二援助；周三抗议；周四援助；周五抗议；周六、周日休息。结合实际情况，总结网友意见，建议外交部正式更名为抗议与援交部。”
“外交部的工作：周一抗议；周二援助；周三抗议；周四援助；周五抗议；周六、周日休息。结合实际情况，总结网友意见，建议外交部正式更名为抗议与援交部。”
回复: *柠檬花园*
天朝要反思反展的意义和方式．
＂白猫黑猫，逮住老鼠就是好猫＂这话要再思考了．不能只逮老鼠，还是看什么时间才能逮，逮多少，只管无节制地逮是有局限的．
套用一句，出来混的，迟早是要还的
天朝要反思反展的意义和方式．
＂白猫黑猫，逮住老鼠就是好猫＂这话要再思考了．不能只逮老鼠，还是看什么时间才能逮，逮多少，只管无节制地逮是有局限的．
套用一句，出来混的，迟早是要还的
回复: *柠檬花园*
@tsinglo青萝: 跟出租司机聊过这个。所有的拉土车都有保护伞，一般人无法经营，为其一。其二，拉土车都上双份险，70万，死者赔偿绰绰有余。其三，老板对司机的指示是，撞人先踩刹车留印，再加速把人压死。因为死人比活人便宜。
@tsinglo青萝: 跟出租司机聊过这个。所有的拉土车都有保护伞，一般人无法经营，为其一。其二，拉土车都上双份险，70万，死者赔偿绰绰有余。其三，老板对司机的指示是，撞人先踩刹车留印，再加速把人压死。因为死人比活人便宜。
回复: *柠檬花园*
参考消息
附录：现今中国每年非正常死亡人数逾800万
根据官方数据统计，中国每年800多万人非正常死亡！其中80%应该属于责任事故。
1．每年因自杀死亡者高达28.7万 （来源：上海心理谘询网――中国首家自杀预防机构负责人悬梁自尽；光明网―中国每年有28.7万人死于自杀）。
2．中国每年约有20万人死于药物不良反应 （来源：中国新闻网――每年20万人死于合格药品 人大代表呼吁救济赔偿）。
3．每年医疗事故死亡20万人（保守估算，实际可能远高于此）。
4．中国每年死于尘肺病约5.000人（估算。来源：宁波市海曙区妇女联合会）。
5．中国每年有25万人死于结核病（来源：中国健康世界网――中国每年有二十五万人死于结核病）。
6．2008年全国共报告甲、乙类传染病发病354万余例，死亡1.2万余人。（来源：新华网――2008年全国法定传染病报告死亡率较上年下降）。
7．中国每年道路交通事故死亡约10万（来源：海口市公安局交巡警支队――我国每年因交通事故死亡超10万人居世界第一）。
8．中国目前每年工伤事故死亡约13万多人，现在还远高于这个数字（来源：摘自倍可亲网讯―中央党校研究室周天勇博士：中国经济的危机）。
9．每年触电死亡约3,000人（来源：飞华健康网――家用怎么用更安全）。
10．我国火灾年平均损失近200亿元，并有2300多民众伤亡。
11．全国每年1.6万中小学生非正常死亡（来源：钦州教育信息网――全国每年1.6万中小学生非正常死亡 8成可避免）；3,000大学生非正常死亡（圣彼得堡华人协会――每年3千大学生非正常死亡）。
12．中国每年死刑执行近万宗（来源：被删除，按1万人计算）。
13．各类刑事案件死亡年均近7万人。
14．广州每年产生约1,200具无主尸体。
15．中国每年因使用不当导致农药中毒的死亡人数达上万人（也按1万计算）。
16．每年食物中毒死亡数万（按1万计算）。
17．1986年因酒精中毒死亡9,830人 。
18．我国每年过劳死人数达60万（飞华健康网――《韩国经济》：中国过劳死一年60万）。
19．经由不安全注射传播的肝炎和爱滋病，已导致39万中国人提早死亡，并造成六百八十九万寿命年的损失（来源：人民网，卫生部：不安全注射导致39万中国人提前死亡）。
20．中国每年癌症新发病例为220万人，因癌症死亡人数为160万人。（来源：公众健康―中国肺癌死亡率居癌症之首 癌症发病率上升）。
21．中国因食品污染导致5岁以下的儿童死亡应在200万以上（估算。全世界因食物污染导致5岁以下儿童死亡达300万，安北京理工大学经济学教授胡星斗《可怕的死亡定律――中国人各种非正常死亡均占世界的70%以上》计算，中国每年有210万5岁以下的儿童因食物污染导致死亡。依据：医学教育网――我国食 品安全与食线性疾病控制对策）。
22．我国每年由室内污染引起的死亡人数高达11.1万人（来源：新浪网―我国每年由室内污染引起的死亡人数高达11.1万）。
23．全国每年因装修污染引发呼吸道感染而死亡的儿童高达210万；其中100多万5岁以下儿童的死因与室内空气污染有关。（来源：光明网――每年杀死210万儿童！凶手何以逍遥）。
24．每年因空气污染死亡65万人！（来源：江苏都市网――中国每年因空气污染致死人数达世界第一65万）。
――合计：877万以上，扣除可能存在重复部分，同时考虑统计不全部分，每年非正常死亡远超800万！其中80%应该属于责任事故。
.
参考消息
附录：现今中国每年非正常死亡人数逾800万
根据官方数据统计，中国每年800多万人非正常死亡！其中80%应该属于责任事故。
1．每年因自杀死亡者高达28.7万 （来源：上海心理谘询网――中国首家自杀预防机构负责人悬梁自尽；光明网―中国每年有28.7万人死于自杀）。
2．中国每年约有20万人死于药物不良反应 （来源：中国新闻网――每年20万人死于合格药品 人大代表呼吁救济赔偿）。
3．每年医疗事故死亡20万人（保守估算，实际可能远高于此）。
4．中国每年死于尘肺病约5.000人（估算。来源：宁波市海曙区妇女联合会）。
5．中国每年有25万人死于结核病（来源：中国健康世界网――中国每年有二十五万人死于结核病）。
6．2008年全国共报告甲、乙类传染病发病354万余例，死亡1.2万余人。（来源：新华网――2008年全国法定传染病报告死亡率较上年下降）。
7．中国每年道路交通事故死亡约10万（来源：海口市公安局交巡警支队――我国每年因交通事故死亡超10万人居世界第一）。
8．中国目前每年工伤事故死亡约13万多人，现在还远高于这个数字（来源：摘自倍可亲网讯―中央党校研究室周天勇博士：中国经济的危机）。
9．每年触电死亡约3,000人（来源：飞华健康网――家用怎么用更安全）。
10．我国火灾年平均损失近200亿元，并有2300多民众伤亡。
11．全国每年1.6万中小学生非正常死亡（来源：钦州教育信息网――全国每年1.6万中小学生非正常死亡 8成可避免）；3,000大学生非正常死亡（圣彼得堡华人协会――每年3千大学生非正常死亡）。
12．中国每年死刑执行近万宗（来源：被删除，按1万人计算）。
13．各类刑事案件死亡年均近7万人。
14．广州每年产生约1,200具无主尸体。
15．中国每年因使用不当导致农药中毒的死亡人数达上万人（也按1万计算）。
16．每年食物中毒死亡数万（按1万计算）。
17．1986年因酒精中毒死亡9,830人 。
18．我国每年过劳死人数达60万（飞华健康网――《韩国经济》：中国过劳死一年60万）。
19．经由不安全注射传播的肝炎和爱滋病，已导致39万中国人提早死亡，并造成六百八十九万寿命年的损失（来源：人民网，卫生部：不安全注射导致39万中国人提前死亡）。
20．中国每年癌症新发病例为220万人，因癌症死亡人数为160万人。（来源：公众健康―中国肺癌死亡率居癌症之首 癌症发病率上升）。
21．中国因食品污染导致5岁以下的儿童死亡应在200万以上（估算。全世界因食物污染导致5岁以下儿童死亡达300万，安北京理工大学经济学教授胡星斗《可怕的死亡定律――中国人各种非正常死亡均占世界的70%以上》计算，中国每年有210万5岁以下的儿童因食物污染导致死亡。依据：医学教育网――我国食 品安全与食线性疾病控制对策）。
22．我国每年由室内污染引起的死亡人数高达11.1万人（来源：新浪网―我国每年由室内污染引起的死亡人数高达11.1万）。
23．全国每年因装修污染引发呼吸道感染而死亡的儿童高达210万；其中100多万5岁以下儿童的死因与室内空气污染有关。（来源：光明网――每年杀死210万儿童！凶手何以逍遥）。
24．每年因空气污染死亡65万人！（来源：江苏都市网――中国每年因空气污染致死人数达世界第一65万）。
――合计：877万以上，扣除可能存在重复部分，同时考虑统计不全部分，每年非正常死亡远超800万！其中80%应该属于责任事故。
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回复: *柠檬花园*
回复: *柠檬花园*
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回复: *柠檬花园*
菲律宾一家法院12月5日指控，6名中国渔民涉嫌在该国海域非法捕捞一种濒临灭绝的海龟，此举威胁到了该国海岸的野生动物资源安全。当日的庭审还没进入控辩双方表达的程序。如果罪名成立，涉案的中国渔民或最长服刑24年。中国外交部发言人洪磊回应称，中方已向菲方提出交涉，要求菲方尽快公正妥善处理。
菲律宾一家法院12月5日指控，6名中国渔民涉嫌在该国海域非法捕捞一种濒临灭绝的海龟，此举威胁到了该国海岸的野生动物资源安全。当日的庭审还没进入控辩双方表达的程序。如果罪名成立，涉案的中国渔民或最长服刑24年。中国外交部发言人洪磊回应称，中方已向菲方提出交涉，要求菲方尽快公正妥善处理。
回复: *柠檬花园*
今天才知道，LZ不仅是位才子，同时也是在换了国籍后骂中国人为：恶心的支那人、老鼠、蟑螂。
真是人才，可惜换不了自己的血。
今天才知道，LZ不仅是位才子，同时也是在换了国籍后骂中国人为：恶心的支那人、老鼠、蟑螂。
真是人才，可惜换不了自己的血。
回复: *柠檬花园*
殃视：美国人的表不准，我们用三块表测量
殃视：美国人的表不准，我们用三块表测量
回复: *柠檬花园*
北京的空气质素标准再起争议。北京昨受大雾侵袭，令市区能见度低至不足50米，交通严重受阻。由于连日大雾，污染物更难吹散，由美国驻华大使馆发布的污染指数「爆表」，超过最大上限值500达522，但北京市环保局公布的数据仅为「轻度污染」。
北京的空气质素标准再起争议。北京昨受大雾侵袭，令市区能见度低至不足50米，交通严重受阻。由于连日大雾，污染物更难吹散，由美国驻华大使馆发布的污染指数「爆表」，超过最大上限值500达522，但北京市环保局公布的数据仅为「轻度污染」。
回复: *柠檬花园*
[转帖]Insane Rides: Gerald R. Ford Class Aircraft Carrier
When dead presidents become big war machines.
Reagan got one named after him. So did Kennedy, the first Bush, Eisenhower, and Harry Truman -- all these modern ex-presidents have had aircraft carriers that have bore their name. (Carter got a submarine, by the way, and we're not too sure about Nixon.) And now, the recently departed Gerald Ford will be getting not only a carrier named after him, but an entire new class of supercarrier: the Gerald R. Ford class aircraft carrier. Or, for your purposes, call it this week's installment of IGN Cars' Insane Rides.
Gerald R. Ford Class Aircraft Carrier (CVN-21)
- Northrop Grumman Newport News
Type of Vehicle: Aircraft carrier
Production Status: Construction begins in 2007 on the first ship in the line, also called Gerald R. Ford (CVN-7
; completion expected in 2015
Function: Deployment and recovery of aircraft; seafaring airbase;
sea-to-air, sea-to-land, and sea-to-sea offensive capabilities;
traveling back in time to prevent the Pearl Harbor attack, Final Countdown-style
Unique Features: Electromagnetic catapults and advanced arresting
gear; radar-blocking stealth profile; two A1B nuclear reactors; reduced
crew complement as a result of increased automation
Under the Hood: The next generation of supercarrier for the U.S.
Navy, the Gerald R. Ford class aircraft carrier will be 1,092 feet in
length with a displacement of 100,000 tons and a 134-foot beam. What
does all that mean? Basically, it's gonna be big, capable of
carrying up to 75 aircraft (such as the JSF, F/A-18E/F, EA-18G, E-2D,
MH-60R/S, and J-UCAS) and a standard crew complement of around 4,600 --
and that's with the increased onboard automation that is meant to cut
down on the number of crewmembers. According to the U.S. Navy, the
Gerald R. Ford carrier is "the premier forward asset for crisis response
and early decisive striking power in a major combat operation." In
other words, it's loaded for bear with two nuclear reactors,
surface-to-air missiles (including Evolved Sea Sparrow Missiles and
Rolling Airframe Missiles), close-in weapons systems, and plenty of
other high-tech gadgetry and munitions -- all that, plus electromagnetic
catapults and advanced arresting gear that are designed to support
future airwing configurations including unmanned vehicles, and
radar-blocking stealth capabilities.
Chances of Owning One: You have a better chance of becoming
president some day yourself and getting one named after you than you
have of ever owning one of these babies.
- Northrop Grumman Newport News
CVN 78 Gerald R Ford Class ? US Navy CVN 21 Future Carrier Programme
The US Navy's programme CVN 21 for the future generation aircraft carrier programme was previously known as the CVN(X).
In January 2007, The US Navy announced that the new class would be called the Gerald R Ford Class.
The first two ships, Gerald R Ford (CVN 7
and CVN 79, will be commissioned in 2015 and 2019, and further ships of the class will enter service at intervals of five years. A total of ten Ford class carriers are planned with construction continuing to 2058.
The CVN 78 will replace USS Enterprise (CVN 65), which entered service in 1961 and will approach the end of its operational life by 2015. The total acquisition cost of the CVN 21 is expected to be $11.7bn.
The US Department of Defense awarded Northrop Grumman Newport News in Virginia a $107.6m contract in July 2003, a $1.39bn contract in May 2004 and $559m to prepare for the carrier construction and to continue the design programme on the ship's propulsion system.
"The CVN 78 carrier will be armed with the Raytheon evolved Sea Sparrow missile."
The CVN 78's first steel was cut in August 2005. A $5.1bn contract for the detailed design and construction was awarded to Newport News in September 2008. The keel was laid in November 2009.
Northrop Grumman was awarded a contract for the planning and design of the second carrier, CVN 79, in November 2006. In May 2011, the US Navy announced that the carrier will be called John F Kennedy (CVN 79).
Construction of the CVN 79 is expected to begin in 2012.
CVN 21 design
The Gerald R Ford class carriers will have the same displacement, about 100,000t, as its predecessor, the Nimitz class George HW Bush (CVN77), but will have about 500 to 900 fewer crew members.
The manpower reduction was a key performance parameter added to the original four outlined in 2000 in the operational requirements document for the CVN 21 programme. It is estimated that the new carrier technologies will lead to a 30% reduction in maintenance requirements and a further crew workload reduction will be achieved through higher levels of automation.
The other main differences in operational performance compared with the Nimitz Class are increased sortie rates at 160 sorties a day(compared with 140 a day), a weight and stability allowance over the 50-year operational service life of the ship, and increased (by approximately 150%) electrical power generation and distribution to sustain the ship's advanced technology systems. Another key performance requirement is interoperability.
Aircraft carrier hull
All US Navy aircraft carriers since the 1960s have been built at Northrop Grumman Newport News. Northrop has extended its design and shipbuilding facilities with a new heavy plate workshop and burners, a new 5,000t thick plate press, covered assembly facilities and a new 1,050t-capacity crane.
"Northrop is using a suite of CAD tools for the CVN 21 programme."
Northrop is using a suite of computer-aided design (CAD) tools for the CVN 21 programme, including a CATIA software suite for simulation of the production processes and a CAVE virtual environment package.
The hull design is similar to that of the current Nimitz Class carriers and with the same number of decks. The island is smaller and moved further towards the aft of the ship.
The island has a composite mast with planar array radars, a volume search radar operating at S band and a multifunction radar at X band, and also carries the stern-facing joint precision approach and landing system (JPALS), which is based on local area differential global positioning system (GPS), rather than radar.
The aircraft carrier traditionally carries the flag officer and 70 staff of
the carrier battle group. The flag bridge, which was previously
accommodated in the carrier's island, was relocated to a lower deck in
order to minimise the size of the island.
The ship's internal configuration and flight deck designs have
significantly changed. The lower decks incorporate a flexible rapidly
reconfigurable layout allowing different layouts and installation of new
equipment in command, planning and administration areas.
The requirement to build in a weight and stability allowance will accommodate the added weight of new systems that will be installed over the 50-year operational life of the ship. The removal of one aircraft elevator unit and reducing the number of hangar bays from three to two have contributed to a reduction of the weight of t
Weapons
The carrier will be armed with the Raytheon evolved Sea Sparrow missile (ESSM), which defends against high-speed, highly manoeuvrable anti-ship missiles. The close-in weapon system is the rolling airframe missile (RAM) from Raytheon and Ramsys GmbH.
Aircraft
The carrier will be capable of carrying up to 90 aircraft including the F-35 joint strike fighter, F / A-18E / F Super Hornet, E-2D Advanced Hawkeye, EA-18G, MH-60R / S helicopters and unmanned air vehicles and unmanned combat air vehicles.
"The CVN 78 will replace the CVN 65, which entered service in 1961."
The requirement for a higher sortie rate at 160 sorties a day with
surges to a maximum of 220 sorties a day in times of crisis and intense
air warfare activity, has led to design changes in the flight deck.
The flight deck has a relocated and smaller island, and there are three
rather than four deck edge elevators. Deck extensions also increase the
aircraft parking areas. The aircraft service stations are located near the 18
refuelling and rearming stops.
General Atomics was awarded the contract to develop the EMALS
electromagnetic aircraft launch system, which uses a linear electromagnetic
accelerator motor. EMALS demonstrators were tested at the Naval Air
Systems Command (NASC) Lakehurst test centre in New Jersey. It is planned that
EMALS will replace the current C-13 steam catapults.
If successful, EMALS technology offers the potential benefit of finer aircraft acceleration control, which leads to lower stresses in the aircraft and pilots and provides a slower launch speed for unmanned air vehicles and allows a wider window of wind-over-deck speed required for the launch sequence.
The contract for the development of an advanced turbo-electric arrestor gear has been awarded to General Atomics. The electro-magnetic motor applies control to the synthetic arrestor cable to reduce the maximum tensions in the cable and reduce the peak load on the arrestor hook and on the aircraft fuselage.
Aircraft weapons
The flow of weapons to the aircraft stops on the flight deck were upgraded to accommodate the higher sortie rates. The ship carries stores of missiles and cannon rounds for fighter aircraft, bombs and air-to-surface missiles for strike aircraft, and torpedoes and depth charges for anti-submarine warfare aircraft.
"Sortie rates for the CVN 21 increased to 160 sorties a day compared with 140 a day for the Nimitz Class."
Weapons elevators take the weapons systems from the magazines to the weapons
handling and weapons assembly areas on the 02-level deck (below the flight
deck) and express weapons elevators are installed between the handling and
assembly areas and the flight deck. The two companies selected by Northrop Grumman to generate designs for the advanced weapons elevator are the Federal Equipment Company and Oldenburg Lakeshore Inc.
The deployment of all-up-rounds, which are larger, rather than traditional
weapons requiring assembly will require double-height magazines and store rooms
and will also impact on the level of need for weapons assembly facilities.
The US Navy outlined a requirement for a minimum 150% increase in the power-generation capacity for the CVN 21 carrier compared with the Nimitz Class carriers. The increased power capacity is needed for the four electro-magnetic aircraft launchers and for future systems such as directed energy weapons that might be feasible during the carrier's 50-year lifespan.
Sensors
Raytheon was contracted in October 2008 to supply a version of the dual-band radar (DBR) developed for the Zumwalt Class destroyer for installation on the Gerald R Ford. DBR combines X-band and S-band phased arrays.
Propulsion
Northrop Grumman is developing the advanced nuclear propulsion system and a zonal electrical power distribution system for the CVN 21.
The Gerald R Ford Class carriers will have the same displacement (about 100,000t) as its predecessor the Nimitz class George H W Bush (CVN 77), but will have 500 to 900 fewer crew members.
[转帖]Insane Rides: Gerald R. Ford Class Aircraft Carrier
When dead presidents become big war machines.
Reagan got one named after him. So did Kennedy, the first Bush, Eisenhower, and Harry Truman -- all these modern ex-presidents have had aircraft carriers that have bore their name. (Carter got a submarine, by the way, and we're not too sure about Nixon.) And now, the recently departed Gerald Ford will be getting not only a carrier named after him, but an entire new class of supercarrier: the Gerald R. Ford class aircraft carrier. Or, for your purposes, call it this week's installment of IGN Cars' Insane Rides.
Gerald R. Ford Class Aircraft Carrier (CVN-21)
- Northrop Grumman Newport News
Type of Vehicle: Aircraft carrier
Production Status: Construction begins in 2007 on the first ship in the line, also called Gerald R. Ford (CVN-7
Function: Deployment and recovery of aircraft; seafaring airbase;
sea-to-air, sea-to-land, and sea-to-sea offensive capabilities;
traveling back in time to prevent the Pearl Harbor attack, Final Countdown-style
Unique Features: Electromagnetic catapults and advanced arresting
gear; radar-blocking stealth profile; two A1B nuclear reactors; reduced
crew complement as a result of increased automation
Under the Hood: The next generation of supercarrier for the U.S.
Navy, the Gerald R. Ford class aircraft carrier will be 1,092 feet in
length with a displacement of 100,000 tons and a 134-foot beam. What
does all that mean? Basically, it's gonna be big, capable of
carrying up to 75 aircraft (such as the JSF, F/A-18E/F, EA-18G, E-2D,
MH-60R/S, and J-UCAS) and a standard crew complement of around 4,600 --
and that's with the increased onboard automation that is meant to cut
down on the number of crewmembers. According to the U.S. Navy, the
Gerald R. Ford carrier is "the premier forward asset for crisis response
and early decisive striking power in a major combat operation." In
other words, it's loaded for bear with two nuclear reactors,
surface-to-air missiles (including Evolved Sea Sparrow Missiles and
Rolling Airframe Missiles), close-in weapons systems, and plenty of
other high-tech gadgetry and munitions -- all that, plus electromagnetic
catapults and advanced arresting gear that are designed to support
future airwing configurations including unmanned vehicles, and
radar-blocking stealth capabilities.
Chances of Owning One: You have a better chance of becoming
president some day yourself and getting one named after you than you
have of ever owning one of these babies.
- Northrop Grumman Newport News
CVN 78 Gerald R Ford Class ? US Navy CVN 21 Future Carrier Programme
The US Navy's programme CVN 21 for the future generation aircraft carrier programme was previously known as the CVN(X).
In January 2007, The US Navy announced that the new class would be called the Gerald R Ford Class.
The first two ships, Gerald R Ford (CVN 7
The CVN 78 will replace USS Enterprise (CVN 65), which entered service in 1961 and will approach the end of its operational life by 2015. The total acquisition cost of the CVN 21 is expected to be $11.7bn.
The US Department of Defense awarded Northrop Grumman Newport News in Virginia a $107.6m contract in July 2003, a $1.39bn contract in May 2004 and $559m to prepare for the carrier construction and to continue the design programme on the ship's propulsion system.
"The CVN 78 carrier will be armed with the Raytheon evolved Sea Sparrow missile."
The CVN 78's first steel was cut in August 2005. A $5.1bn contract for the detailed design and construction was awarded to Newport News in September 2008. The keel was laid in November 2009.
Northrop Grumman was awarded a contract for the planning and design of the second carrier, CVN 79, in November 2006. In May 2011, the US Navy announced that the carrier will be called John F Kennedy (CVN 79).
Construction of the CVN 79 is expected to begin in 2012.
CVN 21 design
The Gerald R Ford class carriers will have the same displacement, about 100,000t, as its predecessor, the Nimitz class George HW Bush (CVN77), but will have about 500 to 900 fewer crew members.
The manpower reduction was a key performance parameter added to the original four outlined in 2000 in the operational requirements document for the CVN 21 programme. It is estimated that the new carrier technologies will lead to a 30% reduction in maintenance requirements and a further crew workload reduction will be achieved through higher levels of automation.
The other main differences in operational performance compared with the Nimitz Class are increased sortie rates at 160 sorties a day(compared with 140 a day), a weight and stability allowance over the 50-year operational service life of the ship, and increased (by approximately 150%) electrical power generation and distribution to sustain the ship's advanced technology systems. Another key performance requirement is interoperability.
Aircraft carrier hull
All US Navy aircraft carriers since the 1960s have been built at Northrop Grumman Newport News. Northrop has extended its design and shipbuilding facilities with a new heavy plate workshop and burners, a new 5,000t thick plate press, covered assembly facilities and a new 1,050t-capacity crane.
"Northrop is using a suite of CAD tools for the CVN 21 programme."
Northrop is using a suite of computer-aided design (CAD) tools for the CVN 21 programme, including a CATIA software suite for simulation of the production processes and a CAVE virtual environment package.
The hull design is similar to that of the current Nimitz Class carriers and with the same number of decks. The island is smaller and moved further towards the aft of the ship.
The island has a composite mast with planar array radars, a volume search radar operating at S band and a multifunction radar at X band, and also carries the stern-facing joint precision approach and landing system (JPALS), which is based on local area differential global positioning system (GPS), rather than radar.
The aircraft carrier traditionally carries the flag officer and 70 staff of
the carrier battle group. The flag bridge, which was previously
accommodated in the carrier's island, was relocated to a lower deck in
order to minimise the size of the island.
The ship's internal configuration and flight deck designs have
significantly changed. The lower decks incorporate a flexible rapidly
reconfigurable layout allowing different layouts and installation of new
equipment in command, planning and administration areas.
The requirement to build in a weight and stability allowance will accommodate the added weight of new systems that will be installed over the 50-year operational life of the ship. The removal of one aircraft elevator unit and reducing the number of hangar bays from three to two have contributed to a reduction of the weight of t
Weapons
The carrier will be armed with the Raytheon evolved Sea Sparrow missile (ESSM), which defends against high-speed, highly manoeuvrable anti-ship missiles. The close-in weapon system is the rolling airframe missile (RAM) from Raytheon and Ramsys GmbH.
Aircraft
The carrier will be capable of carrying up to 90 aircraft including the F-35 joint strike fighter, F / A-18E / F Super Hornet, E-2D Advanced Hawkeye, EA-18G, MH-60R / S helicopters and unmanned air vehicles and unmanned combat air vehicles.
"The CVN 78 will replace the CVN 65, which entered service in 1961."
The requirement for a higher sortie rate at 160 sorties a day with
surges to a maximum of 220 sorties a day in times of crisis and intense
air warfare activity, has led to design changes in the flight deck.
The flight deck has a relocated and smaller island, and there are three
rather than four deck edge elevators. Deck extensions also increase the
aircraft parking areas. The aircraft service stations are located near the 18
refuelling and rearming stops.
General Atomics was awarded the contract to develop the EMALS
electromagnetic aircraft launch system, which uses a linear electromagnetic
accelerator motor. EMALS demonstrators were tested at the Naval Air
Systems Command (NASC) Lakehurst test centre in New Jersey. It is planned that
EMALS will replace the current C-13 steam catapults.
If successful, EMALS technology offers the potential benefit of finer aircraft acceleration control, which leads to lower stresses in the aircraft and pilots and provides a slower launch speed for unmanned air vehicles and allows a wider window of wind-over-deck speed required for the launch sequence.
The contract for the development of an advanced turbo-electric arrestor gear has been awarded to General Atomics. The electro-magnetic motor applies control to the synthetic arrestor cable to reduce the maximum tensions in the cable and reduce the peak load on the arrestor hook and on the aircraft fuselage.
Aircraft weapons
The flow of weapons to the aircraft stops on the flight deck were upgraded to accommodate the higher sortie rates. The ship carries stores of missiles and cannon rounds for fighter aircraft, bombs and air-to-surface missiles for strike aircraft, and torpedoes and depth charges for anti-submarine warfare aircraft.
"Sortie rates for the CVN 21 increased to 160 sorties a day compared with 140 a day for the Nimitz Class."
Weapons elevators take the weapons systems from the magazines to the weapons
handling and weapons assembly areas on the 02-level deck (below the flight
deck) and express weapons elevators are installed between the handling and
assembly areas and the flight deck. The two companies selected by Northrop Grumman to generate designs for the advanced weapons elevator are the Federal Equipment Company and Oldenburg Lakeshore Inc.
The deployment of all-up-rounds, which are larger, rather than traditional
weapons requiring assembly will require double-height magazines and store rooms
and will also impact on the level of need for weapons assembly facilities.
The US Navy outlined a requirement for a minimum 150% increase in the power-generation capacity for the CVN 21 carrier compared with the Nimitz Class carriers. The increased power capacity is needed for the four electro-magnetic aircraft launchers and for future systems such as directed energy weapons that might be feasible during the carrier's 50-year lifespan.
Sensors
Raytheon was contracted in October 2008 to supply a version of the dual-band radar (DBR) developed for the Zumwalt Class destroyer for installation on the Gerald R Ford. DBR combines X-band and S-band phased arrays.
Propulsion
Northrop Grumman is developing the advanced nuclear propulsion system and a zonal electrical power distribution system for the CVN 21.
The Gerald R Ford Class carriers will have the same displacement (about 100,000t) as its predecessor the Nimitz class George H W Bush (CVN 77), but will have 500 to 900 fewer crew members.
回复: *柠檬花园*
[转帖]港媒怒斥北京对外弱国心态: 援交当外交 奴性代血性
在21名甘肃学童惨死校巴车祸悲剧之际，中国向马其顿捐赠23辆豪华校巴，此举深深刺痛国人的心。不过，中国前驻法国大使吴建民却斥责国人的抨击是“弱国心态”，声称搞外交不能一毛不拔，“将欲取之，必先予之”。对此，香港《东方日报》12月6日文章认为，吴建民大放厥词，侮辱国人智慧，出卖国家主权，援交充当外交，奴性代替血性，不仅是吴建民一个人的事，而是决策层的问题。
《东方日报》文章说，吴建民说得理直气壮，大有傲视苍生之意，似乎举世皆浊惟他独醒。但事实上，吴建民的荒唐逻辑不值一驳，既然如此热衷“援交”，他为何不将外交部配给他的专车、豪宅捐出去办外交呢？
中国这些年的外交犹如援交，派钱派到手软，美国金融海啸，中国购买美国国债，换回的却是美国重返亚洲围堵中国；欧洲陷入债务危机，中国购买欧洲债券，得到的回报却是“买断欧洲”的指摘；中国向菲律宾提供70多亿美元的合同，菲方的回报是穷凶极恶地侵占中国南海主权。
文章说，吴建民说什么“将欲取之，必先予之”，中国这些年“予”了洋人这么多，但取得了什么呢？还不是赔了金钱又受侮！难道这些教训还不够，非要将中国改革开放30年的成果全部送光，才彻底松手吗？吴建民辱骂国人“弱国心态”，其实自己才是洋奴心态。
这些年来，吴建民谬论不断，南海诸岛被占，他声称“不赞成南海亮剑”，“不要一提核心利益就打打杀杀”；日本在钓鱼岛冲撞中国渔船、扣押船长，他反劝国人“要理性爱国”；美国航母到黄海军演，他又“语重心长”地提醒国人，中美关系不能出问题，“一出问题就不得了”等等，总而言之，吴建民不怕中国人愤怒，就怕洋大人不高兴。
吴建民“名声大振”，并非因为在任时有多大贡献，而是退休后竭力宣扬“韬光养晦要坚持100年”，从国内讲到美国。他的核心观点就是中国在世界上要当上100年孙子才能有出息。
《东方日报》文章说，如果说当代中国有秦桧，非吴建民莫属。越菲两国越过了中国底线，吴建民还主张韬光养晦，难道要让这两个国家瓜分南海？美日印等国四面围堵，中国还要忍到何时？难道要等到八国联军再次侵华？涉及国土主权的核心利益都不敢亮剑，难道中国崛起就是翘起屁股让人踢？
国人普遍的弱国心态必将有损中国的形象，与此相对，呼唤强国心态、大国心态便成了当务之急。《南方都市报》12月6日文章说，若富足且有尊严，国民自有大国心态。
如果按照人口、国土面积、GDP、军事实力等通常的指标，在联合国今年公布的人类发展指数榜上名列前茅的一些北欧小国无论如何都谈不上“强大”，但其民众似乎从未受到弱国心态的干扰；是否由于中国有过屈辱的历史，包袱过于沉重，所以总是陷溺于弱国心态，难以解开心结？但中国周边一些国家，其近代史同样写满了“压迫”和“屈辱”，为什么弱国心态这顶帽子就从来没有落到他们身上？
外交往往是内政的表现和反映。要对国际交往中的弱国心态穷溯究竟、正本清源，恐怕还得回到内政上。当吴建民感叹“长期的弱国状态形成了一种弱国心态”时，一个疑问会油然而生：当今中国已成为世界第二大经济体，国力的巨大进步何以对国人心态影响甚微？
文章建议，杜绝弱国心态首先就不应该讳言接受别人的长处，现在中国该从那些高居人类发展指数榜前列的北欧小国身上吸取一些经验了，它们启迪中国需要重新定义“国家强大”的内涵。一个国民富足且有尊严感的国家，也许才能算是一个“占领道义制高点”的国家，才能算是一个真正强大的国家，也只有这样的强大，才会对其国民心态带来正面的影响。
[转帖]港媒怒斥北京对外弱国心态: 援交当外交 奴性代血性
在21名甘肃学童惨死校巴车祸悲剧之际，中国向马其顿捐赠23辆豪华校巴，此举深深刺痛国人的心。不过，中国前驻法国大使吴建民却斥责国人的抨击是“弱国心态”，声称搞外交不能一毛不拔，“将欲取之，必先予之”。对此，香港《东方日报》12月6日文章认为，吴建民大放厥词，侮辱国人智慧，出卖国家主权，援交充当外交，奴性代替血性，不仅是吴建民一个人的事，而是决策层的问题。
《东方日报》文章说，吴建民说得理直气壮，大有傲视苍生之意，似乎举世皆浊惟他独醒。但事实上，吴建民的荒唐逻辑不值一驳，既然如此热衷“援交”，他为何不将外交部配给他的专车、豪宅捐出去办外交呢？
中国这些年的外交犹如援交，派钱派到手软，美国金融海啸，中国购买美国国债，换回的却是美国重返亚洲围堵中国；欧洲陷入债务危机，中国购买欧洲债券，得到的回报却是“买断欧洲”的指摘；中国向菲律宾提供70多亿美元的合同，菲方的回报是穷凶极恶地侵占中国南海主权。
文章说，吴建民说什么“将欲取之，必先予之”，中国这些年“予”了洋人这么多，但取得了什么呢？还不是赔了金钱又受侮！难道这些教训还不够，非要将中国改革开放30年的成果全部送光，才彻底松手吗？吴建民辱骂国人“弱国心态”，其实自己才是洋奴心态。
这些年来，吴建民谬论不断，南海诸岛被占，他声称“不赞成南海亮剑”，“不要一提核心利益就打打杀杀”；日本在钓鱼岛冲撞中国渔船、扣押船长，他反劝国人“要理性爱国”；美国航母到黄海军演，他又“语重心长”地提醒国人，中美关系不能出问题，“一出问题就不得了”等等，总而言之，吴建民不怕中国人愤怒，就怕洋大人不高兴。
吴建民“名声大振”，并非因为在任时有多大贡献，而是退休后竭力宣扬“韬光养晦要坚持100年”，从国内讲到美国。他的核心观点就是中国在世界上要当上100年孙子才能有出息。
《东方日报》文章说，如果说当代中国有秦桧，非吴建民莫属。越菲两国越过了中国底线，吴建民还主张韬光养晦，难道要让这两个国家瓜分南海？美日印等国四面围堵，中国还要忍到何时？难道要等到八国联军再次侵华？涉及国土主权的核心利益都不敢亮剑，难道中国崛起就是翘起屁股让人踢？
国人普遍的弱国心态必将有损中国的形象，与此相对，呼唤强国心态、大国心态便成了当务之急。《南方都市报》12月6日文章说，若富足且有尊严，国民自有大国心态。
如果按照人口、国土面积、GDP、军事实力等通常的指标，在联合国今年公布的人类发展指数榜上名列前茅的一些北欧小国无论如何都谈不上“强大”，但其民众似乎从未受到弱国心态的干扰；是否由于中国有过屈辱的历史，包袱过于沉重，所以总是陷溺于弱国心态，难以解开心结？但中国周边一些国家，其近代史同样写满了“压迫”和“屈辱”，为什么弱国心态这顶帽子就从来没有落到他们身上？
外交往往是内政的表现和反映。要对国际交往中的弱国心态穷溯究竟、正本清源，恐怕还得回到内政上。当吴建民感叹“长期的弱国状态形成了一种弱国心态”时，一个疑问会油然而生：当今中国已成为世界第二大经济体，国力的巨大进步何以对国人心态影响甚微？
文章建议，杜绝弱国心态首先就不应该讳言接受别人的长处，现在中国该从那些高居人类发展指数榜前列的北欧小国身上吸取一些经验了，它们启迪中国需要重新定义“国家强大”的内涵。一个国民富足且有尊严感的国家，也许才能算是一个“占领道义制高点”的国家，才能算是一个真正强大的国家，也只有这样的强大，才会对其国民心态带来正面的影响。
回复: *柠檬花园*
一小贩街边卖枣，遭城市管理者驱赶，遂换至一偏僻小路继续摆摊。路过一老人，对小贩说“枣不错，来三斤。当年我还做八路的时候，就推着这么一车枣在敌占区边卖边刺探敌情，转眼六十年过去了。”小贩不解的问，大爷那时候鬼子咋没赶你呢？老人怒道“卖个枣有啥赶的，鬼子再浑也不至于这样啊！”.
一小贩街边卖枣，遭城市管理者驱赶，遂换至一偏僻小路继续摆摊。路过一老人，对小贩说“枣不错，来三斤。当年我还做八路的时候，就推着这么一车枣在敌占区边卖边刺探敌情，转眼六十年过去了。”小贩不解的问，大爷那时候鬼子咋没赶你呢？老人怒道“卖个枣有啥赶的，鬼子再浑也不至于这样啊！”.
回复: *柠檬花园*
中国外胶布发炎人僵鱼表示：根据国际公约，众所周知美国使馆区是美国领土，他们在那里监测到的数据只能说明美国空气质量不好。我国是用三块表测量，而美国呢？
中国外胶布发炎人僵鱼表示：根据国际公约，众所周知美国使馆区是美国领土，他们在那里监测到的数据只能说明美国空气质量不好。我国是用三块表测量，而美国呢？
回复: *柠檬花园*
支持师长
支持师长
回复: *柠檬花园*
其实，我觉的，如果朝鲜象利比亚那样有钱，也早就革命了，贫穷才能稳定。
其实，我觉的，如果朝鲜象利比亚那样有钱，也早就革命了，贫穷才能稳定。
回复: *柠檬花园*
不能让百姓知道太多，只给他们一个思想，干不完的活，没有私有财产。
这才是社会主义
不能让百姓知道太多，只给他们一个思想，干不完的活，没有私有财产。
这才是社会主义
回复: *柠檬花园*
洗脑力度大才能吻腚。。
洗脑力度大才能吻腚。。
回复: *柠檬花园*
俺也终于中毒了，连续一个星期的大雾，导致嗓子发炎发烧两天，今天刚好点，唉。。
俺也终于中毒了，连续一个星期的大雾，导致嗓子发炎发烧两天，今天刚好点，唉。。
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