加油站
加油站
在加国经营加油站与中国相比有哪些优势
中国是资源大国,更是人口大国,石油资源人均占有率少得可怜,由于经济的高速发展,资源消耗大比例增加,即使加班加点开采,仍供不应求,因 此,50%以上要进口,国内中石油垄断资源,国家宏观调控价格又越来越严,一些民营企业日子越发艰难,有的加油站建成几年,因无油可供,只能荒芜,致使一 些企业和个人另寻出路,有些来加拿大多伦多考察,有的已经进入多伦多加油站经营者的行列。在加拿大经营加油站究竟有何好处和优势?综合起来有以下几点:
一、油源稳定,不易断供 。
本 地的几大公司:加拿大石油、ESSO、壳牌等具有雄厚的实力,加油站与他们签订供销合同(一些距市区较远的加油站,则与他们的油气供销公司签订供销合 同),实行连锁经营,除了发生重大事件如911、北美大停电、炼油厂爆炸等以外,几乎没有断油现象,而在中国,民营加油站断油已经见怪不怪了。
二、油价与国际接轨,及时调整,经营稳定。
不论国际原油价格如何变化,加油站每升油有几分的利润,均已在合同敲定,得以保证。而在中国,油价无法与国际接轨,国家宏观调控,一些加油站会出现油价倒挂、批零同价的现象,严重影响利润。加国加油站业务稳定性远好于中国。
三、多种经营模式明显提高加油站经营非主营利润。
很 多不了解加油站业务的人以为加油站的利润主要来源于油价的差价,非也,这里通过品牌连锁经营模式(如便利店On The Run,餐饮Tim Hortons,Country Style,ATM, 彩票等)为经营者提供了稳定、丰厚的利润,也是经营者的利润的主要来源。管理简单、操作规范,使得更多的人只要有一定的经济实力和较强的责任心均可通过独 立经营、合股经营等方式加入这一行列。而在中国,不仅要有经济实力,还要有过硬的人际关系,同时,由于小商品和小生意经营遍地开花,极大地限制了加油站非 主营业务的开展。
四、设备、管理现代化,节省人工,减少差错和投诉。
这里油站,不同标号的油可用一把油枪,自助式加油,绝大多数用卡结算,节省人工,减少差错,实现了现代化管理。而国内,不同标号的油用不同的油枪,加油工手动加油,易出错,每人胸前挂一小包,内装找零现金 ,易引起误会和投诉,极大地增加了管理难度和投诉机会。
五、可持续经营稳定性好。
这里的加油站物业所有者,如果不改变使用用途,按期纳税,符合环保要求,就可永续经营。而中国的土地使用有年限限制,受市政规划的影响较大,一些民营企业者已经吃到了苦头。
加油站这一管理简单,利润稳定的行业,涉入的华人居然凤毛麟角,比如在大多地区,华人经营者的数量远低于印巴裔移民,甚至感觉越南裔的经营者都多于 华人,也许是经营理念的不同,觉得这是复杂而危险的行业,其实,管理一个加油站远比管理一个超市或饭店简单省事的多,只是很多人不了解而已。现在,GTA 地区,一些好的加油站,那些业主一旦持有,将世世代代不愿放弃,个别放出来的也是暗盘,在地产局mls.net上找不到,一般150万以下的规模太小,稍 好一点应在200―400万,好的要500―700万或以上,但距多市1.5小时车程范围仍有一些好的油站可供选择,只不过大多数是暗盘而已。
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Start your own…Gas station Hinton’s Esso, Burlington, Ont.
If you’d told Richard Hinton 15 years ago that one day he’d own a gas station where customers could pump their own fuel and buy a litre of milk, he’d have laughed in your face.
“Self-serve was a joke in those days,” says the 43-year-old. “We used to stock the windows with oil cans. Today we stock it with milk, pop and chips.” And Mr. Hinton should know how the business has changed: He started pumping gas in 1983, when he was just 15. At 18 he became Texaco’s youngest retailer when he leased a Toronto station from the gas company.
In 2002, nearly 20 years later, Mr. Hinton was still in the gas business. But he realized he was tired of operating a station that he didn’t own. So he decided to buy his own plot and build a new station from the ground up.
His first step was to find the perfect location. Instead of buying unoccupied land, Hinton’s strategy was to look for an existing station that hadn’t tapped into its full potential. After two years of searching across Greater Toronto he found a location in Burlington, Ont., along the Niagara Escarpment. “There was a good core business already there,” he says. But the station, with just two pumps, was small and didn’t include a store. “Customers expect to see a store in today’s stations,” says Mr. Hinton. But it was also important to include all of the other standard offerings of the day―such as pay-at-the-pump, a seeming contradiction considering it helps customers avoid the store altogether. “But people like to see the newest technologies,” he says. “They’ll pay at the pump and then walk in and buy something. They just love to know that they can do that.”
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Before he could build a state-of-the-art station that reflected the industry’s new safeguards (such as double-walled fibre-glass tanks―instead of the previous station’s steel tanks), Hinton had to tear down the existing site, a step that required $45,000 as well as a demolition permit. He quickly realized how many more regulatory hoops he’d have to jump through to get the job done. First there was the Ministry of Environment, which among other things, checked his property’s soil samples for contamination, before giving him the go-ahead. And then the City of Burlington and the Niagara Escarpment Commission had to have their say. “They were involved big time,” he says ― on everything from the size of the septic tank, to the type of garbage disposal, to the outside look and design of the station.
How he did it
Like with any retail business, location is huge. Richard Hinton searched for a site with an older station that hadn’t kept up with the times. Building a brand new station complete with a convenience store, which includes a gourmet coffee kiosk, in this location was sure to grow on an already
existing customer base. But because he was constructing on a provincial landform he had to have all of his plans approved by both the City of Burlington and the Niagara Escarpment Commission, and then decide who to buy his gas from.
Cost of land: $600,000 (2 acres)
Cost of tear down of existing station:
$45,000
Construction and equipment: $1,000, 000 (all building construction costs plus tanks, pumps, etc)
Start-up inventory: $100,000 for fuel, $50,000 for store
Total start-up costs: $1,795,000
Staffing: $9,000 a month (two full-time and six part-time employees)
Inventory: $600,000 a month
Other monthly expenses: $8,500 (taxes, maintenance and credit card charges)
Number of litres of gas he needs to sell a day to break even: 13,700
Fourteen weeks after hiring a builder to completely construct his site and complying with all of the required regulations, Mr. Hinton had has dream station ― eight fueling stations and a 1,400-square foot store (but no car wash, the Niagara Escarpment wouldn’t allow it). Before he could open the station’s doors for business, though, Hinton had to decide where he was going to get his gasoline and if he was going to partner with one of the major companies ― a step most new gas station retailers would have taken just after securing a location. But Mr. Hinton, who was already immersed in the business and had contacts throughout it, didn’t turn his attention to until after he’d built his site. And in the end, there wasn’t much debate. Mr. Hinton had a history with Imperial Oil (which bought Texaco and operates under the Esso brand) and liked that they were helping him set up his store. “I knew I wanted to have a brand name behind me,” he says. “Customers see the Esso sign and they pull in. They don’t know who I am, but they trust Esso.”
And there are other benefits to partnering with one of the major companies besides recognition. Banks are more likely to back up new stations that are opening under one of the major brands (and when you’re looking at start-up costs of more than $1-million dollars, funding is critical). And, depending on which company you choose, it can guide you through the rest of the start-up process.
In Mr. Hinton’s case with Imperial Oil, they branded his entire site ― everything from store signage to the Esso name on his pumps. He also opted into their store management program ― a tool that helps Esso dealer-owners more economically stock their stores and achieve chain uniformity. In exchange for all of that Hinton buys his gas from Imperial Oil under a multi-year contract.
Once Mr. Hinton’s gas tanks were full and his store inventory ordered, it was time to hire his staff ― an essential order of business, especially in a 24-hour station. But equally as important, was establishing himself as the operator, not just the owner. “I believe that you can not be an absentee manager in retail and be successful,” he says.
But his true key to success, says Mr. Hinton is his ability to adapt to changing times. “I’ve gone from pumping gas, which was the norm, to selling milk.” He considers the constant evolution to be the most interesting part of the business. “Who knows what kind of industry changes are coming next.”
购买加油站常见错误
Common mistakes made by 1st time Gas Station Investors!
(1)Under or over estimating your gas station forecasted financials.
(2)Under capitalizing.
(3)Lacking the operational gas station experience.
(4)Choosing a poor location.
(5)Not including your risk factors into your gas station business plan.
See below for some security tips and measures to think about for your gas station and convenience store.
(1)Installing a closed-circuit TV at the cash register so customers can see that they are being watched. This can alleviate a lot of in store theft by employees.
(2)Also installing a security camera by the cash register so you the owner can watch the actions of your convenience store cashier.
(3)Try installing an automated bill reader/cash counter built into your safe for added security measures.
(4)Count your cigarettes and lottery daily and your beer/wine and soda weekly. This is a good action to do to make sure customers or employees are not stealing from you. NOTE: Also double check your purchase order when merchandise is delivered to your convenience store. There have been stories of gas station owners not receiving their complete beer or soda orders. (If you (gas station owner) ordered 10 cases of beer, make sure you check that 10 cases of the beer you ordered was delivered).
(5)Place mirrors in places where customers will not expect to see them. This has proven to cut down theft by 60 percent.
Prosecute offenders so it never happens again and let it be an example for other possible theft attempters.
人们在加油站买什么:
See below for a list of merchandise that is purchased in a convenience store by gas station customers. (Test was conducted over a one month span.)
Sodas 45%
Candy/Gum 41%
Lottery Tickets 39%
Salty Snacks 35%
Fountain/Frozen Drinks 30%
Hot Drinks 30%
Water 30%
Dairy Products 30%
Cigarettes 29%
Fast Food 25%