2012-12-18
刚才看新闻的时候,看到一个美国某大学心理学教授/心理治疗师/导师的文章,我觉得他写的挺实在的,他说,预见校园枪击案这种事的发生几乎是不可能的。
他列举的数据中说:根据官方权威统计,不同程度的精神病患在美国人口中的比例,4个成年人中就有一个不正常的。像这次枪击案的主犯一样看似正常,就是有点儿socially awkward的年轻人更是大有人在。/(we know that the shooter, Adam Lanza, was not evil personified. We know at this point that he was a withdrawn, socially awkward young man, reportedly with Asperger's syndrome, living with his mother.)
(There are a large number of withdrawn, socially awkward young men in our society; some have mental disorders and some don't. We simply cannot predict which ones will go on a shooting rampage. It's like looking for a needle in a haystack; you will probably only know where it is when it pricks your finger.)
他在文章里还说:把这些人完全跟社会跟家庭隔开是不人道的也不现实。问题应该是及时发现问题,及时缓解,精神病患完全康复不再复发的机率也很低。
目前的主要问题是社会相关资源对这部分人群的关注支持与指导明显欠缺。
根据他的数据,我查了一下美国官方的统计资料,还真是这样(加拿大精神病患在总人口的比例和美国趋同):
Mental Disorders in America
Mental disorders are common in the United States and internationally. An estimated 26.2 percent of Americans ages 18 and older — about one in four adults — suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year.1 When applied to the 2004 U.S. Census residential population estimate for ages 18 and older, this figure translates to 57.7 million people.2 Even though mental disorders are widespread in the population, the main burden of illness is concentrated in a much smaller proportion — about 6 percent, or 1 in 17 — who suffer from a serious mental illness.1 In addition, mental disorders are the leading cause of disability in the U.S. and Canada.3 Many people suffer from more than one mental disorder at a given time. Nearly half (45 percent) of those with any mental disorder meet criteria for 2 or more disorders, with severity strongly related to comorbidity....